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Since the advent of FACS in the early 1970s, cell purification by this method has developed into a cornerstone of biomedical research. In the beginning, lymphoid populations were purified using FACS technology, and a high viability of lymphocytes survived the purification procedure. The promise of FACS was therefore realized since, after purification, the purified cells remained viable and functioned as anticipated. When FACS became utilized for more diverse cell types, such as cardiomyocytes or dendritic cells, these cells ( and others ) were observed to be sensitive to the FACS process, with either significant loss of viability or loss of function after FACS purification. Post-sorting cell-viability concerns were amplified in the early ’90s as high-speed commercial FACS systems were introduced, which utilized higher pressures, such as the Becton-Dickinson FACSVantage.

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